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Clinical reviews
EFFICACY OF CARBAPENEMS COMPARED WITH NONCARBAPENEM BROAD-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS AS INITIAL ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY AGAINST SEPSIS: A NATIONWIDE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Yutaka Umemura, MD, PhD; Kazuma Yamakawa, MD, PhD; Yoshihiro Tanaka, MD, PhD; Jumpei Yoshimura, MD; Hiroshi Ogura, MD, PhD; Satoshi Fujimi, MD, PhD
·
Infectious Disease
· 12 pages
This study evaluates the efficacy of carbapenems versus noncarbapenem broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics as initial therapy for sepsis, focusing on survival outcomes.
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Clinical reviews
GLOMERULAR HEMATURIA AND THE UTILITY OF URINE MICROSCOPY: A REVIEW
Manish K. Saha, David Massicotte-Azarniouch, Monica L. Reynolds, Amy K. Mottl, Ronald J. Falk, J. Charles Jennette, Vimal K. Derebail
·
Nephrology
· 10 pages
This review evaluates the role of hematuria and urine microscopy in diagnosing glomerular diseases, emphasizing the importance of specific morphological aspects of red blood cells in urine.
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Clinical reviews
INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS: DIAGNOSIS, ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY, AND MANAGEMENT: A SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT FROM THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
American Heart Association
·
Cardiology
· 2023
· 27 pages
This scientific statement provides updated information on the diagnosis, antibiotic therapy, and management of infective endocarditis, reflecting changes in its incidence and treatment options since the last statement in 2015.
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Clinical reviews
10 MYTHS ABOUT FRUSEMIDE
Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
·
Critical Care Medicine
· 2019
· 5 pages
This editorial addresses ten common myths surrounding the use of frusemide, a frequently used diuretic in critically ill patients, particularly in relation to its safety and effectiveness.
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Clinical reviews
HEART FAILURE WITH MILDLY REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION: A HEART FAILURE SOCIETY OF AMERICA SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT
Heart Failure Society of America
·
Cardiology
· 16 pages
This document provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and pathophysiology of heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF), along with a clinical framework for treatment.
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Clinical reviews
GUIDELINE-DIRECTED MEDICAL THERAPY FOR HFrEF: SEQUENCING STRATEGIES AND BARRIERS FOR LIFE-SAVING DRUG THERAPY
Jishnu Malgie, Pascal R. D. Clephas, Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca, Rudolf A. de Boer, Jasper J. Brugts
·
Cardiology
· 2023
· 14 pages
This document reviews the advancements in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and discusses the challenges in implementing guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). It emphasizes the importance of rapid drug implementation and up-titration to improve patient outcomes.
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Clinical reviews
THE ROLE OF CATECHOLAMINES IN ANEURYSMAL SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
School of Medicine, University of Galway; Critical Care Unit, Regions Hospital; AV Healthcare Innovators, LLC; Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences; Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of
·
Neurosurgery
· 2024
· 8 pages
This narrative review aims to identify how catecholamines influence aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) outcomes, focusing on the marked release of catecholamines during subarachnoid hemorrhage and its implications for patient prognosis.
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Clinical reviews
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor therapy in kidney transplant patients with type 2 or post-transplant diabetes: an observational multicentre study
Nephrology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos IdSSC, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
·
Nephrology
· 13 pages
This study investigates the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on kidney transplant patients who have type 2 diabetes or post-transplant diabetes. It presents findings from an observational multicentre study.
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Clinical reviews
TYPE 1 DIABETES
Laura M. Jacobsen, MD; Desmond A. Schatz, MD
·
Endocrinology
· 14 pages
This document provides a comprehensive review of Type 1 diabetes, detailing its autoimmune nature, prevalence, complications, and management strategies.
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Clinical reviews
DURATION OF POSTPARTUM MAGNESIUM SULPHATE FOR THE PREVENTION OF ECLAMPSIA
Maureen Okonkwo, MD, FRCSC, Christopher M. Nash, MD, FRCSC
·
Obstetrics and Gynecology
· 2022
· 8 pages
This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the optimal duration of postpartum magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia in women with preeclampsia or eclampsia.
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Clinical reviews
RESISTANCE TO UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN IN THE ICU: EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
·
Critical Care Medicine
· 2023
· 3 pages
This document discusses the challenges and management strategies related to resistance to unfractionated heparin (UFH) in ICU patients, particularly those with severe multi-organ failure or requiring extracorporeal support.
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Clinical reviews
EXPERT CONSENSUS ON THE NEPHROTOXIC POTENTIAL OF 195 MEDICATIONS IN THE NON‑INTENSIVE CARE SETTING: A MODIFIED DELPHI METHOD
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Cleveland Clinic, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Yale School
·
Nephrology
· 2023
· 11 pages
This study generated consensus on the nephrotoxic effect of 195 medications used in the non-intensive care setting, highlighting the lack of a standardized list for monitoring nephrotoxic medications.
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Clinical reviews
A BROAD SPECTRUM OF POSSIBILITIES: SPECTRUM SCORES AS A UNIFYING METRIC OF ANTIBIOTIC UTILIZATION
Mayo Clinic Arizona; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
·
Infectious Diseases
· 13 pages
This document discusses the concept of spectrum scoring as a metric for antibiotic utilization, emphasizing its potential advantages over traditional metrics like days of therapy (DOT). It explores the application of spectrum scores in antimicrobial stewardship and patient care.
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Clinical reviews
THERAPEUTICS FOR VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCAL BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS
The Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
·
Infectious Diseases
· 33 pages
This document provides an overview of the therapeutic options available for treating bloodstream infections caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). It discusses the microbiology, epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical outcomes associated with VRE infections.
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Clinical reviews
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS — COMMON ORIGINS, DIVERGENT MECHANISMS
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla
·
Rheumatology
· 2023
· 14 pages
This review article discusses rheumatoid arthritis, focusing on its common origins and the divergent mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis. It highlights the role of genetic factors and environmental exposures in the disease's progression.
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Clinical reviews
DENGUE
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines, Manila
·
Infectious Diseases
· 2024
· 16 pages
Dengue, caused by four closely related viruses, is a growing global public health concern, with outbreaks capable of overwhelming health-care systems and disrupting economies.
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Clinical reviews
NEW DRUG THERAPIES FOR HYPERTENSION
INSERM CIC1418, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Université Paris Cité, University of Washington
·
Cardiology
· 2026
· 15 pages
This document discusses emerging antihypertensive drug therapies that target physiological pathways beyond conventional drug classes, addressing the need for innovative approaches in hypertension care.
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Clinical reviews
ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY FOR VRE BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
·
Infectious Diseases
· 33 pages
This document reviews the therapeutic options for managing bloodstream infections caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), highlighting the challenges and advancements in treatment strategies.
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Clinical reviews
REDUCING POST-CESAREAN SEPSIS: CURRENT BEST PRACTICE IN PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO)
·
Obstetrics and Gynecology
· 2025
· 11 pages
This article discusses the current best practices for preventing and treating post-cesarean sepsis, emphasizing evidence-based recommendations.
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Clinical reviews
EFFICACY OF GREATER OCCIPITAL NERVE BLOCK FOR PAIN RELIEF IN PATIENTS WITH POSTDURAL PUNCTURE HEADACHE
Ying-Jen Chang, MD, Kuo-Chuan Hung, MD, I-Wen Chen, MD, Chi-Lin Kuo, MD, I-Chia Teng, MD, Ming-Chung Lin, MD, Ming Yew, MD, Shu-Wei Liao, MD, Chung-Yi Wu, MD, Chia-Hung Yu, MD, Kuo-Mao Lan, MD, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, MD, PhD
·
Anesthesiology
· 2021
· 9 pages
This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the therapeutic effectiveness of greater occipital nerve block (GONB) for alleviating postdural puncture headache (PDPH). It evaluates various studies to determine the analgesic effects of GONB in adult patients.
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Clinical reviews
DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS VERSUS WARFARIN IN PATIENTS WITH NON-VALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND CKD G3–G5D
Umeå University, Uppsala University
·
Cardiology
· 10 pages
This study investigates the risk of ischemic stroke and major bleeding in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease treated with direct oral anticoagulants compared to warfarin.
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Clinical reviews
CUTANEOUS DRUG-INDUCED LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND UPDATE ON NEW ASSOCIATED DRUGS
Service de dermatologie et allergologie, faculté de médecine Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Tenon, AP–HP, Paris, France
·
Dermatology
· 2021
· 10 pages
This review discusses cutaneous drug-induced lupus erythematosus (CDILE), focusing on its clinical and laboratory aspects, pathogenesis, and an update on drugs associated with the condition.
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Clinical reviews
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN WOMEN: DO WE NEED NEW DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES?
Clinico San Carlos University Hospital, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitary Hospital Fundación Alcorcón, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Universitary Hospital Santiago de Compostela, University Hospital Vall
·
Cardiology
· 12 pages
This review discusses the underrecognition and undertreatment of cardiovascular disease in women compared to men, highlighting the need for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Clinical reviews
USE OF HYPERTONIC SALINE IN NEUROANESTHESIA AND NEUROCRITICAL CARE PRACTICE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
·
Neuroanesthesia
· 2023
· 9 pages
This narrative review evaluates the use of hypertonic saline (HTS) in neuroanesthesia and neurocritical care, focusing on its mechanisms and clinical applications.
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