Xerophthalmia

Dr. Iddi Ndyabawe

Xerophthalmia encompasses all ocular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency, including structural changes in the conjunctiva and cornea, as well as disorders of retinal function. The condition is often associated with protein-energy malnutrition and infections. The document outlines the WHO classification of xerophthalmia, detailing various clinical features and stages of the disease. Treatment options include local ocular therapy, vitamin A supplementation, and addressing underlying health issues. Prophylactic strategies are also discussed, emphasizing the importance of vitamin A-rich diets and supplementation programs.