Pediatric Overweight and Obesity Comorbidities, Trajectories, Prevention

Miguel Hernandez University, Campus of San Juan

This monograph examines the epidemiology and pathophysiology of pediatric overweight and obesity, emphasizing the spectrum of comorbid conditions such as sleep‑disordered breathing, metabolic syndrome, and hypoventilation syndromes. It discusses longitudinal trajectories that influence long‑term health outcomes and highlights evidence‑based prevention measures, including lifestyle interventions and public‑health policies. Treatment modalities ranging from behavioral therapy to pharmacologic and surgical options are reviewed. The impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic on obesity prevalence and related health disparities is also addressed, with attention to food insecurity in low‑ and middle‑income countries.