Humoral Immunity-1 (2)

Makerere University College of Health Sciences

The material introduces the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and its co‑receptors, describing how antigen binding initiates activation. It distinguishes T‑cell‑dependent and T‑cell‑independent pathways, outlines germinal centre dynamics in the dark and light zones, and details the differentiation into memory and plasma cells. The slides explain antibody structure, isotype diversity, and the six major antibody functions, including opsonization, neutralization, complement activation, and ADCC. Illustrations of effector mechanisms against extracellular and intracellular pathogens are provided.