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Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal; Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; University of Turin, Italy; University of Genoa, Italy
The article reviews the current evidence surrounding biological therapies in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, and Sjögren’s syndrome. It aims to improve patient outcomes by synthesizing findings from recent studies and expert recommendations. The guidance is intended for clinicians involved in the management of these autoimmune conditions.
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